The northeast section of Graham Island has very little relief and is covered by Quaternary sediments that overlie the Tertiary Skonun and Masset formations. These sediments consist of recent alluvium, till, marine drift and outwash sands.

Very large reserves of post-glacial peat and peat-moss occur on the Queen Charlotte Lowland. The quality of the peat moss is reported to be excellent. Larger deposits typically exceed 5000 hectares in size and consist mainly of flat and slope bogs of moderate depth (1.6 to 1.9 metres mean depth). Flat bogs consist predominantly of poorly decomposed sphagnum-moss peats overlying well-humified amorphous and sedimentary peats. Slope bogs are comprised mostly of surficial sphagnum-moss peats overlying amorphous sedge and sedimentary layers.

An operation to harvest the peat moss by hydraulic methods started production in 1967 (A. Sutherland Brown, Bulletin 54). No information on the production or location is reported.